Fallen angels don't appear until the New Testament. In some books of the Old Testament, however, there is reference made to a God-appointed adversary called ha-satan. It is from an error in translation that the angel Satan is believed to have been created. Most biblical sholars accept this as the explanation for his emergence in I Chronicles 21 and II Samuel 24.

According to Revelation 12 of the New Testament, the rebel host accounts for one-third of Heaven's angels. They fell for nine days and it was estimated, in the 15th century, that there were 133,306,668 in all (the tabulation of Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum). The number of angels who remained in Heaven were said to total 266,613,336. Enoch I speaks of 200 fallen angels, but only names about twenty of them (allowing for variant spellings and duplications) including a listing of "chiefs of ten." In De Universo William Auvergne, a Parisian bishop from 1228 - 1249, it says that of the nine orders of angels a "tenth part fell," some from each order, and that even after their fall they retained their relative rank. Papal authority contends, however, that the angels who fell were all of the tenth order. This, of course, gives rise to the question "which of the nine orders is the tenth?"

It was Aquinas who first identified the fallen angels with demons. And it was the Christians of the late Middle Ages who declared that all heathen deities are demons. The infernal entities are organized as a kingdom and, according to most sources, His Majesty Satan sits upon the throne. However, other sources have named Mastema, Beliar, Azazel, Beelzebub, Sammael, Eblis and others as being the High Ruler of Hell. The demons who hold positions of power under his rule have titles such as Duke, Marquise, Count, and Chancellor.

According to Levi 3 (Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs), the fallen angels are being held prisoner in the Second Heaven where, according to Enoch II, they are "supended, reserved for [and] awaiting the eternal judgment." Most Jewish literature blames man for the fall of the angels citing the Apocalypse of Baruch that states that it was "the physical nature of man which not only became a danger to his own soul, but resulted in the fall of the angels."

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